18. When looking at ethnic differences in parenting, thefollowing cultures tend to be group oriented, and they emphasizeinterdependence among individuals. 
African-American
Hispanic
Arab-American
Asian-American
19. When a toddler uses simple two-word sentences to communicate,it is referred to as _________. 
single-word speech
telegraphic speech
double-word speech
preoperational speech
20. The stage during which sensory input and motor responses becomecoordinated is labeled as Piaget’s _____ stage of cognitivedevelopment. (Points : 2)
sensorimotor
preoperational
concrete operational
formal operations
21. In Lawrence Kohlberg’s research on moral development, reasoningthat is based on a desire to please others or to follow acceptedauthority, rules, and values is labeled the ______ level. (Points :2)
preconventional
conventional
postconventional
nonconventional
22. Carol Gilligan pointed out that existing studies on moraldevelopment are biased because (Points : 2)
different races were not studied.
children were disregarded.
a woman’s concern with relatives can look like a weakness ratherthan a strength.
only males participated in the studies.
23. How many stages is the life cycle are presented in Erikson’spsychosocial theory of development? (Points : 2)
4
6
8
12
24. In life-span developmental theories, adolescents struggle withconflicts involving _____. (Points : 2)
the need to form a consistent identity.
the ability to trust the primary caregivers in their lives
the development of intimate relationships
the ability to look back at life with a sense of integrity
25. According to Carol Ryff, all of the following are associatedwith well-being during adulthood except (Points : 2)
self-acceptance.
environmental mastery.
a purpose in life.
a critical review of one’s life.
26. Children who are rebellious and aggressive are often theproducts of which of the following styles of discipline? (Points :2)
power assertion
withdrawal of love
management techniques
passive/aggressive
27. In which of Kubler-Ross’s stages would someone who feelsexhausted and has a sense of futility be? (Points : 2)
denial
anger
bargaining
depression
28. After being awake for more than 60 hours, a person may develophallucinations and delusional thinking in a state called (Points :2)
microsleep syndrome.
sleep deprivation.
sleep deprivation psychosis.
abnormal awareness
29. In which stages of sleep would a person be most difficult towake? (Points : 2)
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
30. The bulk of people’s dreams occur during _____. (Points :2)
REM sleep
NREM sleep
stage 4, deep sleep
stage 2, light sleep
31. Which of the following is true of NREM sleep? (Points : 2)
It may help the body recover from bodily fatigue.
Breathing becomes irregular.
NREM sleep is marked by rapid EEG patterns.
Dreams are more vivid and emotional during NREM.
32. A hereditary problem in which the victim has irresistible”sleep attacks” in the day is called (Points : 2)
REM behavior disorder.
narcolepsy.
sleep apnea.
excessive daytime sleepiness.
33. Freud’s psychodynamic theory of dreaming emphasizes _____.(Points : 2)
dreams as sensations, motor commands, and memories that aresynthesized by the cortex of the brain
dreams as internal psychic abilities that provide insight into thefuture
dreams as internal conflicts and unconscious forces that are basedon wish fulfillment
dreams as a form of hypnosis
34. Stimulants _____ nervous system activity, whereas depressants_____ it. (Points : 2)
reduce; enhance
enhance; increase
increase; decrease
reduce; decrease
35. The life expectancy of the average cigarette smoker is reducedby (Points : 2)
1 – 5 years
5 – 10 years
10 – 15 years
15 – 20 years
36. The process by which experience or practice results in arelatively permanent change in behavior is known as _____. (Points: 2)
cognition
learning
imprinting
intelligence formation
37. In classical conditioning, _____ are important, while inoperant conditioning, _____ are primary for learning. (Points :2)
antecedents; consequences
consequences; antecedents
responses; reflexes
responses; antecedents

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