/*
* Incorrect Buffer Size Calculation
A C++ example miscalculating buffer size.
*/
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
string convertInput(string userString){
// i is an iterator, charIndex moves through characters in the buffer
int i, charIndex;
// if string is larger that 10 chars, then do not store this input
const int MAX_SIZE = 15;
if ( MAX_SIZE < userString.length() ){
return “string to large”;
}
// an array to store characters in memory as a buffer
char buffer[(5*sizeof(char) * MAX_SIZE) + 1] = {‘ ‘};
charIndex = 0;
for ( i = 0; i < userString.length(); i++ ){
char theChar = userString[i];
// some secial charcters are changed to html format
if( ‘&’ == theChar ){
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘&’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘a’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘m’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘p’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘;’;
} else if (‘<‘ == theChar ){
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘&’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘l’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘t’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘;’;
} else if (‘>’ == theChar ){
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘&’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘g’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘t’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘;’;
} else if (‘”‘ == theChar){
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘&’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘q’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘u’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘o’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘t’;
buffer[charIndex++] = ‘;’;
}
else buffer[charIndex++] = theChar;
}
return buffer;
}
// function to show all the stored keywords
void showKeywords(vector<string> keywords) {
int count = keywords.size();
cout << “There are a total of ” << count << ” html keywords.” << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
cout << keywords[i] << endl;
}
}
// the program starts here
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
vector<string> keywords;
// put some starting values in the keywords vector
keywords.push_back(“HomeKit”);
keywords.push_back(“Interface”);
keywords.push_back(“Web Forum”);
showKeywords(keywords);
string newKeyword;
// run a loop for user to enter keywords.
while(true) {
cout << “Type a word to include in the html keyword data:” << endl;
getline(cin, newKeyword);
// if user hits enter without any input data, then break the loop
if (newKeyword.empty()) {
cout << “This program would now normally return to a main menu, but”
“since this is just an example, the application will now exit”;
break;
}
// run the convertInput function to check for html special chars
string output = convertInput(newKeyword);
// if the function sees that the string is too large, then inform user
if(output == “string to large”) {
cout << “keyword exceeds maximum length, please try again” << endl;
} else { // otherwise, store the converted string in the keywords vector
cout << endl;
keywords.push_back(output);
showKeywords(keywords);
cout << endl;
}
}
return 0;
}
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