MULTIPLE CHOICE SECTION INSTRUCTIONS: Please answer all
questions.

Each question is worth 1 point. Total points for this
section is 30 points.

**Do not enter your answers here.** Type in the letter you
select as the best answer on the Answer Sheet provided by your instructor.

Use the following information to answer questions 1 and 2
below. ***

Labrador Centronuclear Myopathy (CNM) is genetic disease in
Labrador retrievers that results in insufficient muscle function, poor muscles
tone, exercise intolerance, and awkward gait.
CNM only develops in dogs that are homozygous recessive (pp) for the
PTPLA gene. You are a dog breeder and
there is one puppy in a new litter that has CNM. Neither of the puppy’s parents have CNM.

1. What are
the parents’ genotypes for the gene responsible for CNM?

A) pp and pp

B) Pp and Pp

C) PP and PP

D) PP and Pp

2. Which of
the following best describes the mother’s genotype?

A) Homozygous
recessive

B) Heterozygous

C) Homozygous
dominant

D) Heterozygous
and Homozygous dominant

3. In
biological systems most of the original energy from the sun is lost as?

A) Light

B) Kinetic
energy of motion

C) Heat

D) Potential
chemical energy

4. All of
the following are common or recurrent themes in biology except?

A) Organisms
grow, develop, and reproduce

B) Function
determines structure

C) Matter is
recycled while energy flows through living systems

D) Living
organisms maintain homeostasis

E) Evolutionary
processes explain both the unity and adaptive diversity of life

5. In the
following chemical reaction, what is carbon dioxide (CO2)?

Organic molecule + 6O2
? 6CO2 + 6H2O
+ energy

A) independent
variable

B) product

C) substrate

D) enzyme

6. Which of
the following is true regarding chemical bonds?

a) Chemical
bonds are an unbreakable union of two atoms

b) Chemical
bonds are an energetic interaction, or relationship, that occurs between two
atoms

c) Chemical
bonds are a physical linkage of two atoms

d) Chemical
bonds are the result of energy emitted by radioactive atoms

7. The
genome of the bacterium, Helicobacter pylori, is composed of 19% guanine. Which of the following must also be true of
its double stranded genome?

A) 19%
cytosine

B) 62%
adenine

C) 31%
thymine

D) 19% uracil

8. You
observe the following outside your window:
A chipmunk is munching away on a bean plant in your garden when a black
rat snake grabs and eats the chipmunk. What is the chipmunk in this situation?

A) predator

B) primary
consumer

C) prey

D) secondary
consumer

E) both B
and C

9. You are
observing and tracking the population of bobcats in a Pennsylvania state
park. At the beginning of your study,
there were 48 bobcats in the park. In
one year, you counted 60 kittens born and noted the death of 15 bobcats. What is the per capita rate of change for
this population of bobcats?

A) 0.3125

B) 1.25

C) 1.5626

D) 0.9375

10. The
addition of the green fluorescent protein gene from a jellyfish to the genome
of the zebra fish in order to produce a fluorescent green colored fish is an
example of what?

a) genetic
engineering

b) genetic
drift

c) evolution

d) selective
breeding

11. Cellular
respiration occurs in which types of cells?

a) Bacterial

b) Animal

c) Plant

d) Protist

e) All of
the above

12. Dr. Kitty
Hauke is studying lobsters in Maine. She
noticed that over several years the average length of pincers had increased
within this population. She hypothesized
that having larger pincers provided a fitness advantage. To test her hypothesis, she introduced 75
large pincer lobsters and 75 small pincer lobsters into an isolated bay area
that was similar to the lobsters’ natural sea environment. Over 10 years, Dr. Hauke observed this
isolated population of lobsters. What
would she likely observe if her hypothesis was incorrect?

A) The
percent of lobsters with large pincers would decrease.

B) There
were fewer small pincer lobsters mating during mating season.

C) More
large pincer lobsters could be found mating during mating season.

D) The percent
of lobsters with large pincers would increase.

13. Microevolution
is to population as macroevolution is to __________.

A) Individuals

B) Communities

C) Biodiversity

D) Species

14. Active
transport requires energy in order to move molecules ____________ the
concentration gradient while simple and facilitated diffusion require no energy
to move molecules __________ the concentration gradient.

A) Along ;
against

B) Along ;
along

C) Against ;
along

D) Against ;
against

15. Limiting
factors:

A) Can be
unpredictable natural events

B) Can be
both biotic and abiotic

C) Can lead
to unlimited population growth

D) A and B

E) A and C

F) B and C

G) All of the
above

16. Cell is to
________ as gene is to heredity.

A) Organism

B) Organelle

C) Life

D) Biology

17. Allopatric
speciation involves geography but _________________ speciation involves genetic
change.

A) Sympatric

B) Parapatric

C) De novo

D) Peripatric

18. A common
theme in biology is that energy flows through biological systems while matter
__________.

A) Flows

B) Cycles

C) Multiplies

D) Stagnates

19. You have
discovered a new substance that you suspect may be a living organism. All of
the following are characteristics this substance would need in order to be
classified as living EXCEPT:

A) Be made of
organic molecules

B) Evolve

C) Grow,
develop and reproduce with the help of DNA

D) Not
contain carbon atoms

E) Use
energy and raw materials to survive

20. The
following is a picture of a Tomato Hornworm, which is the caterpillar stage of
the five-spotted hawkmoth (Manduca quinquemaculata). The white objects
protruding from the caterpillar are wasp eggs. The wasps lay their eggs on the
horn worms so that when the larvae hatch they can feed on the worm.

Which term best describes the relationship between the wasps
and the Tomato hornworms?

A) Mutualism

B) Competition

C) Predation

D) Symbiosis

***Use the following to answer questions 21-24 below. ***

Consider the following hypothetical metabolic pathway (each
letter after the word “Molecule” represents a group of atoms):

21. What is
the reactant for this pathway?

A) Molecule C

B) Molecule
COO

C) Molecule
COOL

D) Enzyme 1

22. What is
the intermediate for this pathway?

A) Molecule C

B) Molecule
COO

C) Molecule
COOL

D) Enzyme 1

23. Which of
the following best describes this metabolic pathway?

A) The
pathway is anabolic

B) The
pathway is catabolic

24. All of the
following would allow for more of the product of this metabolic pathway to be
produced, EXCEPT?

A) Increasing
the amount of Enzyme 2

B) Increasing
the amount of Molecule C

C) Adding an
activator for Enzyme 1

D) Adding an
inhibitor for Enzyme 1

E) Removing
an inhibitor of Enzyme 2

25. In Central
Dogma: DNA is ________________ into RNA, and RNA is ______________ into
proteins.

A) Translated
; transcribed

B) Replicated
; translated

C) Transcribed
; translated

D) Replicated
; transcribed

26. What is
the genotype for the individual labeled “1” in the pedigree below? (Black
circles or squares represent individuals born with a genetic disease such as
cystic fibrosis)

A) AA

B) Aa

C) aa

D) Either AA
or Aa

27. Which of
the following is an example of sexual selection?

A) A
diamondback rattlesnake with a color pattern that allows it to blend in better
with the desert sand.

B) A farmer
cross pollinating two zucchini plants.

C) Male
blue-footed boobies dancing to show off their bright blue feet to female
blue-footed boobies.

D) A
scientist inserting an Escherichia coli gene into the genome of Staphylococcus
aureus.

28. Consider a
rabbit, which of the following is true regarding its DNA?

A) All of its
cells contain the same DNA.

B) Each cell
type contains its own unique DNA.

C) Rabbit
brain cells and kidney cells express the same DNA genes.

D) Rabbit DNA
uses a different molecular backbone than mouse DNA.

29. Which of
the following is the correct order of ecological organizational levels starting
from the largest and most inclusive to the smallest and least inclusive?

A) Population
> biosphere > community > individual > ecosystem

B) Community
> individual > population > biosphere > ecosystem

C) Biosphere
> ecosystem > community > population > individual

D) Individual
> population > ecosystem > community >biosphere

30. You are
studying passive diffusion of a molecule called FLUBBER across a semipermeable
membrane, which is mimicking the phospholipid bilayer of eukaryotic cells. FLUBBER moves from side A to B. Which of the
following can you conclude?

A) Side A had
a lower FLUBBER concentration initially compared to side B.

B) Side A
had a higher FLUBBER concentration initially compared to side B.

C) Side A
had the same initial FLUBBER concentration as side B.

SHORT ANSWER SECTION

Each question is worth 10 points. Total points for this
section is 30 points.

Answer THREE out of the five questions listed below. Each
answer should be between two paragraphs and half a page long. Answers will be
graded for accuracy and completeness, as well as spelling and grammar.

**Do not enter your answers here** Type your answers into
the Answer Sheet provided by your instructor.

1. At the
beginning of the spring, Dr. Allan notices that there is an equal distribution
of long and short stemmed buttercups in the vacant lot across the street from
his house, which is never cut, as well as in his own backyard. By the end of the summer he notes that there
are mostly long stemmed buttercups in the lot, but mostly short stemmed
buttercups in his yard, which he regularly mows. These observations are examples of what
biological principle? Develop a
hypothesis to explain Dr. Allan’s observations.

2. You are
analyzing the ingredients in a new hot dog that is going to be put on the
market soon. A) Explain the biological function of these
natural chemicals that you might find in a hot dog: protein, fat, carbohydrate,
vitamins.

B) Would it be
healthier to eat a hot dog that contains mainly saturated fat, or one that
contains mainly unsaturated fat? Explain your answer

3. Discuss a
specific example of how human activities can affect the environment.

4. All
living organisms can reproduce. Describe at least four other characteristics of
life, and for each one give a specific example of how this characteristic
applies to humans, or other organisms.

5. Describe
what is meant by mutualism, parasitism and commensalism, and give a specific
example of each of these three types of ecological relationship.

ESSAY SECTION

Answer TWO out of the 5 questions below. Each answer should
be approximately one page long. Answers will be graded for accuracy and
completeness, as well as spelling and grammar.

Each question is worth 20 points. Total points for this section is 40 points.

**Do not enter your answers here.** Type your answers into
the Answer Sheet provided by your instructor.

QUESTIONS

1. Before bringing a new drug to the marketplace, extensive
testing is done on the drug by administering the drug to large numbers of
individuals. Explain the importance of
the scientific method, sample size, controls and variables in the drug
evaluation process.

2. Give details of the structure and function of at least 6
different organelles in the cell. You should also state whether each organelle
is found only in animals, only in plants, or in both animals and plants.

3.Explain the scientific Theory of Evolution. Give at least
three different types of evidence for evolution, and give at least one specific
example of an organism, or organisms, for each type of evidence.

4.Compare and contrast artificial selection (traditional
breeding of plants and animals) and genetic modification of organisms
(GMOs). In your answer also include the
following: two advantages and two disadvantages for each technique, as well as
one specific example of each.

5.Explain the main stages of mitosis (you may use diagrams)
and contrast the processes of mitosis and meiosis in an animal cell.