Situation 7: Manny, 6 years old was admitted at Cardinal SantosHospital due to increasing frequency of bowel movements, abdominalcramps and distension.
31. Diarrhea is said to be the leading cause of morbidity in thePhilippines. Nurse Harry knows that diarrhea is present if:
a. passage of stool is more than 3 bowel movements per week
b. passage of stool is less than 3 bowel movements per day
c. passage of stool is more than 3 bowel movements per day
d. passage of stool is less than 3 bowel movements per week
32. Diarrhea is believed to be caused by all of the followingexcept
a. increase intestinal secretions
b. altered immunity
c. decrease mucosal absorption
d. altered motility
33. What life threatening condition may result in persistentdiarrhea?
a. hypokalemia
b. dehydration
c. cardiac dysrhytmias
d. leukocytosis
34. Voluminous, watery stools can deplete fluids and electrolytes.The acid base imbalance that can occur is:
a. metabolic alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. respiratory alkalosis
35. What is the immediate home care management for diarrhea?
a. Milk
b. Imodium
c. Water
d. Oresol
Situation 8: Mr. Sean is admitted to the hospital with a bowelobstruction. He complained of colicky pain and inability to passstool.
36. Which of these findings by Nurse Leonard, would indicate thatthe obstruction is in the early stages?
a. high pitched tinkling or rumbling bowel sounds
b. hypoactive bowel sounds
c. no bowel sounds auscultated
d. normal bowel sounds heard in all four quadrants
37. Nasogastric tube was inserted to Mr. Sean. The NGT’s primarypurpose is:
a. nutrition
b. decompression of bowel
c. passage for medication
d. aspiration of gastric contents
38. Mr. Sean has undergone surgery. Post – operatively, which ofthe following findings is normal?
a. absent bowel sounds
b. bleeding
c. hemorrhage
d. bowel movement
39. Client education should be given in order to preventconstipation. Nurse Leonard’s health teaching should include whichof the following?
a. use of natural laxatives
b. fluid intake of 6 glasses per day
c. use of OTC laxatives
d. complete bed rest
40. Four hours post – operatively, Mr. Sean complains of guardingand rigidity of the abdomen. Nurse Leonard’s initial interventionis:
a. assess for signs of peritonitis
b. call the physician
c. administer pain medication
d. ignore the client
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