1. Slavery is the most widespread in the__________ society.
horticultural
pastoral
agricultural
industrial
2. In the caste system, __________ is thewashing ritual that restores purity following ritual pollution.
primogeniture
confession
ablution
compurgation
3. Marx believed that __________ people’srelationship to the means of production was the primaryfactor that distinguished the different classes under industrialcapitalism?
owning real estate
the transportation system of a society
people’s relationship to the means of production
access to natural resources
4. The three components Max Weber believedcomprise one’s social class are:
property, power, and prestige.
education, race, and sex.
occupation, income, and age.
prestige, occupation, and wealth.
5. __________ is one’s ability to controlothers, even over their objections.
Diffusion
Power
Primogeniture
Compurgation
6. What is the term used to describe anorganization in which positions are awarded based on one’s abilityand skill?
Bureaucracy
Oligarchy
Meritocracy
Corporation
7. What is the ideology supporting theconcept that a society’s ruler is God’s direct representative onearth to administer justice and punish evil doers?
Might makes right
The divine right of kings
The reality principle
The pursuit of happiness
8. What are the two most strikingcharacteristics of the British class system?
Language and education
Race and income
Occupational prestige and wealth
Family background and official title
9. What was the primary purpose behindcolonialism as it was practiced during the 18th and 19th centuriesby the nations of Europe?
To educate and modernize the underdeveloped world
To bring Christianity to the primitive people of theworld
To establish economic colonies and exploit the people andresources
To develop military and industrial allies
10. The __________ allows U.S. companies toimport materials to Mexico without paying tax and to then exportthe finished products into the United States, again withouttax.
Taft Hartley Law
North American Free Trade Agreement
Hatch Act
Swift Amendment
11. How has the introduction of newtechnologies affected global domination and stratification?
The underdeveloped nations of the world are making excellentprogress.
There is greater parity between the most industrialized and leastindustrialized nations.
There has been no change in the status of nations.
New technologies benefit the most industrialized nations at a fargreater degree than the least industrialized nations.
12. What term do sociologists use to refer toSocial class a large group of people who rank closelytogether in property, power, and prestige?
Social class
Social aggregate
Social cliche
Social group
13. Bruce owns about 3,000 acres of primefarmland, is one of the wealthiest men in the county, and enjoys agreat deal of prestige in his community. In view of this, how wouldsociologists describe Bruce as it pertains to social class Bruce isstatus consistent because of his high ranking in the twodimensions. ?
Bruce is status inconsistent because wealth and prestige seldom gotogether.
Bruce is status consistent because of his high ranking in the twodimensions.
Without additional information it is impossible to determineBruce’s social class.
If Bruce is “old money” he is status consistent, but he is statusinconsistent if he is “new money.”
14. What was the underlying assumption ofKarl Marx as it related to determining one’s position on the socialclass ladder?
Social class was solely based on one’s relationship to the means ofproduction.
Social class was based on one’s position in the Communistparty.
Social class was determined by one’s ties to the rulingclass.
Social class was determined by one’s level of education.
15. Erik Wright used the term __________ todescribe the condition when a person simultaneously occupies morethan one class at the same time.
status inconsistency
contradictory class locations
class inconsistency
class ambiguity
16. Based on the model of Kahl and Gilbert,the __________ class is most shaped by education.
capitalist
upper middle
lower middle
working
17. Meredith is confined to a “medicinalstraitjacket.” In view of this, what can be surmised aboutMeredith’s situation?
Meredith is a mentally disturbed upper class patient undergoingpsychotherapy.
Meredith qualifies as being in poverty and is receivingtranquilizers for a diagnosed mental illness.
Meredith is a middle-class mental patient in seclusion receivingneeded rest and relaxation.
Meredith has overdosed on tranquilizing drugs and is now undergoingdetoxification.
18. During the Great Depression thousands ofpeople changed social class unexpectedly and usually in a downwardspiral What type of mobility did this event illustrate?
Intergenerational mobility
Structural mobility
Intragenerational mobility
Exchange mobility
19. Which set of characteristics is mostapplicable in describing the poor?
Inner-city dweller, African American, high school diploma,single
Rural location, white, high school drop-out, mother head ofhousehold
Inner-city dweller, white, married, high school education
Rural location, African American, married, some college
20. Which explanation of poverty dosociologists generally support?
Sociologists equally accept the social structure andcharacteristics of the individual explanations.
Sociologists support the characteristics of the individual over thesocial structure explanation as the main cause ofpoverty.
Sociologists support the social structure explanation over thecharacteristics of the individual as the main cause ofpoverty.
Neither the social structural nor personal characteristicsexplanation find much support among sociologists as the cause ofpoverty.
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