1. As we have discussed the physiology of the nephron, in which
portion(s) of the nephron do we find reabsorption of sodium coupled
with permeability to water?
| a. | proximal convoluted tubule |
| b. | descending limb of the loop of Henle |
| c. | collecting duct |
| d. | distal convoluted tubule |
| e. | ascending limb of the loop of Henle |
2.In diabetes insipidus
| a. | ADH secretion is too low and therefore water reabsorption is too low. |
| b. | ADH secretion is too high and therefore water reabsorption is too high. |
| c. | A combination of problems with ADH and aldosterone secretion are the cause of diabetes insipidus. |
| d. | aldosterone secretion is too low and therefore water reabsorption is too low. |
| e. | aldosterone secretion is too high and therefore water reabsorption is too low. |
3. Metabolic alkalosis would be caused by
| a. | overproduction of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. |
| b. | a decrease in the secretion of hydrogen ions in the distal convoluted tubule. |
| c. | a tumor in the pancreas that leads to excessive bicarbonate ion production. |
| d. | chronic vomiting. |
| e. | Two of the answers are correct. |
4. If someone had a tumor that increased aldosterone secretion
to abnormally high levels, we would expect to see
| a. | increased blood sodium levels. |
| b. decreased interstitial fluid osmolarity. |
| c. | increased urine volume. |
| d. | Two of the answers are correct. |
| e. | decreased blood pressure. |
5. Renin is secreted by _____________________ in response to
______ concentration of sodium ions in the blood.
| a. | the adrenal cortex… low |
| b. | granular cells… high |
| c. | the macula densa… low |
| d. | granular cells… low |
| e. | the hypothalamus… low |
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