Choose the correct answer.

1- Which of the following are important features for
transcription?

a. promoter

b. RNApolymerase

c. 5′ and 3′ UTRs

d. ORF

e. all of the above

2- Which of the following statements is not true about mRNA?

a. Prokaryotic mRNA may contain multiple structural genes on the
same

transcript, known as polycistronic mRNA.

b. Eukaryotes only transcribe one gene at a time on mRNA,
called

monocistronic mRNA.

c. Some eukaryotes are capable of having polycistronic mRNA.

d. Eukaryotes almost always produce polycistronic mRNA.

e. The genes for metabolic pathways in bacteria are typically
located close

together and transcribed on one mRNA.

3- In what way is eukaryotic transcription more complex than
prokaryotic transcription?

a. Eukaryotes have three different RNA polymerases, whereas
prokaryotes

only have one RNA polymerase.

b. Eukaryotic transcription initiation is much more complex than
prokaryotic

initiation because of the various transcription factors
involved.

c. Upstream elements are required for ef cient transcription in
eukaryotic

cells, but these elements are not usually necessary in
prokaryotes.

d. Eukaryotic mRNA is made in the nucleus.

e. All of the above statements outline ways that eukaryotic
transcription is

more complex.

4. Why is the lac operon of E. coli important to biotechnology
research?

a. IPTG is a cheaper additive than lactose to growing
cultures.

b. The lac operon is not used in biotechnology research.

c. The inducers and regulators of the lac operon are used to
control the

expression of genes in model organisms.

d. The lac operon controls the amount of lactose that E. coli
metabolizes.

e. All of the above.

5. Which of the following statements about eukaryotic mRNA
processing is not correct?

a. The mRNA transcript must be exported from the nucleus.

b. A 5′ cap and a 3′ poly(A) tail must be added.

c. The introns are removed.

d. A 3′ cap and a 5′ poly(A) tail must be added.

e. Exons are spliced together to form the mRNA transcript.

6- Which of the following statements about protein translation
is not correct?

a. The genetic code is read in triplets, also called codons.

b. The enzyme, aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, is responsible for
adding the

amino acid to the tRNA.

c. The anticodon of the tRNA must recognize the codon on the
mRNA exactly.

d. Because of the wobble effect, a tRNA for one amino acid often
recognizes

multiple codons in the mRNA.

e. The genetic code is universal.

7-Choose the statement about translation that is not
correct.

a. The ribosome is comprised of multiple subunits containing
both ribosomal

RNA and proteins.

b. The consensus sequence UAAGGAGG is called the
Shine–Dalgarno

sequence and is recognized by the ribosome.

c. Translation requires three initiation factors, two elongation
factors, and

two release factors.

d. Transcription and translation are coupled in eukaryotes.

e. There are three sites (E, P, and A) on the ribosome that can
be occupied

        by a tRNA.

8-Which of the following statements does not highlight a
difference in eukary- otic and prokaryotic translation?

a. The rst methionine in eukaryotic translation contains a
formyl group.

b. In eukaryotes, mRNA is made in the nucleus but translated in
the

cytoplasm.

c. Prokaryotes often couple transcription and translation,
forming a

polysome.

d. Eukaryotic mRNA does not have a Shine–Dalgarno sequence,
but

prokaryotic mRNA does.

e. Many eukaryotic proteins are chemically modi ed after
translation, which

is a much rarer phenomenon in prokaryotes.