(Complete this assignment in Excel and attach the Excel file
to this assignment)

PART 1

Define the following life table variables [both in words and
equations where appropriate].

x
                                

S(x)         

b(x)         

l(x)

g(x)                           

R0                              

G                                

r

Using the cohort data given, complete the following life
table:

Calculate R0, G, and r using the completed life
table data above.

Plot the LN of survivorship (y axis) against age (x axis)

Does the survivorship pattern most closely resemble Type I, II,
or III?

PART 2

Now imagine that you have been studying the population biology
of ground squirrels on the UCSC campus for a number of years and
have obtained the following information. A sample of 90 females in
2012 had the age structure shown in column 2 below (note this is
not a cohort life table – it is a snapshot of a population in
time). Additional longer-term studies of cohort survival and
reproduction produced the information on age-specific survival
probability [l(x)] and reproduction [b(x)] shown in columns 3 and 4
below.

Age          Number
of females         
l(x)          
          
[b(x)]

0                                
35                             
1.0                            
0

1                                
20                             
0.55                         
2

2                                
15                             
0.37                         
4

3                                
15                             
0.23                         
4

4                                
5                                
0.15                         
1

5
0                                
— —

Plot the natural log of l(x) (y axis) vs. age (x axis).

Does the survivorship pattern most closely resemble Type I, II,
or III?

Calculate the net reproductive rate (R0)

Is this population stable, increasing, or declining?

Calculate the generation time.

Using the data above, project the age structure and size of the
population for 2013.

Was the population at a stable age distribution in 2011? Why or
why not?