Which of the following facts supports the claim that mitochondria developed from bacteria that long ago phagocytosed into eukaryotic cells? A) Mitochondria are the “powerhouses” of the cell. B) Mitochondria have flagella for motion. C) Mitochondria have their own DNA. D) Mitochondria are small and easily transported across the membrane. E) Mitochondria have proteins for the synthesis of ATP. Active transport, the moving of molecules from areas of low concentration to that of high concentration across the membrane, is usually coupled to processes that: A) gain energy for the cell. B) establish a dynamic equilibrium with no net gain or loss in energy for the cell. C) amplify cellular response to signal molecules. D) counteract osmotic stress. E) cost energy. The largest structure in a eukaryotic cell is the _____ and it is surrounded by _____ membranes. A) nucleus; two B) mitochondrion; two C) Golgi apparatus; one D) nucleus; one E) mitochondrion; one Suppose you measure the height of two people. One is a woman who is 5 feet 10 inches tall. The other is a man who is 5 feet 6 inches tall. Which of the following is an appropriate conclusion to draw from these measurements? A) Some men are taller than some women. B) Men are taller than women. C) Women are taller than men. D) Some women are taller than some men. E) The tallest woman is 5 feet 10 inches tall. Which of the following BEST defines diffusion? A) net movement of particles from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration B) net movement of fluids from the environment into and out of an organism C) net movement of particles from a cell into the extracellular matrix D) net movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration E) net movement of particles between cells