The rise of industrialization after the Civil War brought about many changes both positive and negative to the United State between 1865 and 1920. Industrialization therefore affected the society of United State both economically and politically.
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OUTLINE
a) Major aspects of industrialization during 1865 and 1920 that influenced U.S. society, economy and politics
- Society
Urbanization
Immigration/ Increased population in the urban areas
- Economics
Improved Agriculture/ Entrepreneurship
Rise of big businesses through industrial trusts
The rise of laissez-faire capitalism
Expanding international markets
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- Politics
Political Socialization
Legislative representation such as women and national representative
b) GROUPS AFFECTED BY INDUSTRIALIZATION
- Immigrants- Increased stream of immigrants arrived in the U.S and found economic opportunity working at mines, factories, construction sites, as well as working in farms
- Race relations and Nadir of American; most African American civil rights attained during Reconstruction were lost at the end of 1870s where African Americans (Meyer, 2003). This led to racial discrimination, increased race riots and racist violence.
- Gender; The role of women changed/ professionalism
- Age; Child Labor laws were strengthened while new laws were also adopted resulting to age limits raised (Reid, 1999).
- Immigrants- Industrialization resulted to increased immigration which gave U.S a sense of ethnocentrism with the idea of loving one’s nation (Hirschman & Mogford, 2009).
c) Ways that industrialization affected the life of the average working American during Industrialization
The life of the average working American was mostly negatively affected than it was positively affected. Some of the ways industrialization affected this life was;
Positive effects
- Increased jobs opportunity working at mines, factories, construction sites.
- Better transport system through railroads.
- Improved development
Negative
- Poor working conditions and overpopulation, noisy, pollution among other
- Child labor (Link & Susannah, 2012).
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