1 of 25

What are hormones?

Electrolytes that send messages to other parts of the body

Ions that change the permeability of target cells

Chemicals produced in one cell that send messages to a target cell

Chemicals that speed up the metabolism of the cell that makes them

Electrical current which is released upon the generation of an action potential

Question

2 of 25

Which of the following describes the function of the endocrine system?

The fastest and most important system in the body for controlling the activity of cells

The second major controlling system of the body

The slower but reliable system responsible for the sending sensory information to the central nervous system

The system responsible for movement of the body

The system responsible for distributing blood gasses to the tissue cells

Question

3 of 25

What is a tropic hormone?

A hormone that is produced in nonendocrine organs

A hormone that is released only through ducts

A hormone that is produced in the gonads

A hormone that counteracts the activities of the nervous system

A hormone that stimulates hormone production in another target cell

Question

4 of 25

Which of the following is a tropic hormone?

Parathyroid hormone

Glucagon

Insulin

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Calcitonin

Question

5 of 25

What gland is located in the sphenoid bone?

Thyroid gland

Pituitary gland

Parathyroid gland

Adrenal gland

Pineal gland

Question

6 of 25

What is the function of oxytocin?

Stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth

Stimulates milk production in the mammary glands

Stimulates aldosterone production in the adrenal glands

Increases the storage of glucose in the liver

Converts glycogen to glucose when the blood sugar level is low

Question

7 of 25

What hormone conserves water by making the kidney reabsorb more water from the urine?

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Insulin

Antidiuretic hormone

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question

8 of 25

What is the target organ of prolactin?

Ovaries

Testes

Kidney

Uterus

Mammary glands

Question

9 of 25

What organ acts as both an endocrine and exocrine gland?

Thyroid gland

Pituitary gland

Pancreas

Liver

Adrenal gland

Question

10 of 25

What hormone might be lacking if a teenage girl is slow in developing secondary sex characteristics?

Thyroid hormone

Calcitonin

Estrogen

Growth hormone

Prolactin

Question

11 of 25

What is the target organ for growth hormone?

Long bones

Thyroid gland

Kidney tubules

The lungs

The adrenal gland

Question

12 of 25

What endocrine tissue is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system?

Pancreatic alpha cells

Pancreatic beta cells

Adrenal medulla

Adrenal cortex

The testes

Question

13 of 25

What endocrine organ is bilobed and located in the throat area?

Adrenal gland

Thyroid gland

Parathyroid gland

Pancreas

Pituitary gland

Question

14 of 25

What two hormones are antagonists of each other?

Estrogen and progesterone

Testosterone and estrogen

Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

Aldosterone and cortisone

Androgen and aldosterone

Question

15 of 25

What hormone is responsible for controlling the rate of body metabolism and affects most cells of the body?

Thyroid hormone

Estrogen

Testosterone

Calcitonin

Antidiuretic hormone

Question

16 of 25

Which hormone is released when the blood glucose level is high?

Thyroid hormone

Cortisone

Cortisol

Insulin

Glucagon

Question

17 of 25

What is the function of parathyroid hormone?

Regulates metabolism of body cells

Conserves water at the kidney tubules

Regulates blood calcium levels

Regulates blood pressure

Regulates the menstrual cycle

Question

18 of 25

What hormones are produced in the ovaries?

Estrogen and prolactin

Estrogen and progesterone

Progesterone and gonadotropins

Testosterone and progesterone

Androgens and estrogen

Question

19 of 25

The function of parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland is to produce which of the following?

Calcitonin

Insulin

T3 and T4

Parathyroid hormone

Glucagons

Question

20 of 25

Which of the following describes tetany?

The fight or flight response stimulated by norepinephrine

The inability of the pancreas to produce insulin

Brittle bones due to a lack of calcium storage

Prolonged muscle spasms due to a lack of calcium

Abnormally slow metabolism of the body

Question

21 of 25

What endocrine organ is located directly superior to the kidney?

Liver

Gonads

Pancreas

Thyroid gland

Adrenal gland

Question

22 of 25

What is the primary function of estrogen?

To cause cyclic changes in the uterine lining and development of secondary sex characteristics

To regulate blood pressure

To maintain the metabolic rate of body cells

To start uterine contractions for childbirth

To stimulate muscle and bone growth

Question

23 of 25

What hormones are produced in the adrenal medulla?

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Epinephrine and aldosterone

Cortisol and cortisone

Gonadotropins and mineralocorticoids

Aldosterone and norepinephrine

Question

24 of 25

What is the primary target organ of glucagon?

The pancreas

Long bones

All body cells

The liver

The kidney tubules

Question

25 of 25

What endocrine organ is considered the “master endocrine gland”?

Thyroid gland

Posterior pituitary gland

Anterior pituitary gland

Adrenal gland

Pancreas