Q1.1 What does Address Resolution Protocol do?
Q1.2 Network adaptors are manufactured by many companies in many countries. How can these
companies ensure no two adaptors will have the same MAC address? Identify at least five network
interface card makers, and find out how you can tell whether a card was made by any of these
companies.
Q1.3 What is CSMA/CD? How does it work? Explain why RTT on a LAN is an important parameter
for CSMA/CD to work.
Q1.4 What techniques can be used for error-detection in the data link layer?
Q1.5 What techniques can be used for error-correction in the data link layer?
Q2.1 A 3000-km-long T1 trunk is used to transmit 64-byte frames using Go-Back-N
protocol. If the propagation speed is 6 microseconds/km, how many bits should the sequence numbers
be?
Q2.2A simple telephone system consists of two end offices and a single toll office to which
each end office is connected by a 1-MHzfull-duplex trunk. The average telephone is used to make five
calls per 8-hour workday. The mean call duration is 6 min. Ten percent of the calls are long distance
(i.e., pass through the toll office). What is the maximum number of telephones an end office can
support? (Assume 4 kHz per circuit, and note that you may need to do some additional readings about
transmission media and telephone systems, either in the library or on the Internet, for this question.
Please list what you read if this is the case.)
Q2.3 Suppose the information content of a packet is the bit pattern 1011011011101011,
and an even parity scheme is being used. What would the value of the checksum field be for the case of
a two-dimensional parity scheme? Your answer should be such that a minimum-length checksum field
issued.
Q2.4. Suppose two nodes, A and B, are attached to opposite ends of an 800 m cable, and
that they each have one frame of 1 024 bits (including all headers and preambles) to send to each other.
Both nodes attempt to transmit at time t = 0. Suppose there are five repeaters between A and B, each
inserting a 20-bit delay. Assume the transmission rate is 10 Mbps, and CSMA/CD with backoff
intervals of multiples of 512 bits is used. After the first collision, A draws K = 0 and B draws K = 1 in
the exponential backoff protocol after sending the 48-bit jam signal.
a. What is the one-way propagation delay (including repeater delays) between A and B in seconds?
Assume that the signal propagation speed is 2 * 10^8 m/sec
b. At what time (in seconds) is A’s packet completely delivered at B?
c. Now suppose that only A has a packet to send, and that the repeaters are replaced with switches.
Suppose that each switch has a 16-bit processing delay in addition to a store-and-forward delay. At
what time, in seconds, is A’s packet delivered at B?
• Note: you must include all the delays that occurred according to CSMA/CD
protocol.
Q2.5. Two CSMA/CD stations are each trying to transmit long (multiframe) files. After
each frame is sent, they contend for the channel, using the binary exponential backoff algorithm. What
is the probability that the contention ends on round k, and what is the mean number of rounds per
contention period?
ScholarMatic: Explanation & Answer
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